What does fenestration refer to in building design?

Fenestration specifically refers to the arrangement and design of windows and openings in a building. This term encompasses not only the quantity and placement of these elements but also their style and functionality. Effective fenestration can improve natural lighting, ventilation, and energy efficiency while also contributing to the aesthetic appeal of a structure. For glazing contractors, understanding fenestration is vital as it relates directly to their work in selecting appropriate materials and methods for windows and glass installations.

The other options focus on different aspects of building design; while they are relevant to construction, they do not define fenestration. The type of materials used pertains to construction specifications, the overall layout of floors refers to interior spatial organization, and structural integrity is concerned with the safety and stability of a building's framework. These aspects may intersect with fenestration but do not encompass its specific focus on windows and openings.